Back in September, we posted about OrcSDR, open-source firmware that runs an RTL-SDR directly on the ESP32-P4 microcontroller-based M5Stack Tab5 tablet, with no PC or Raspberry Pi needed. Erik Elfstrom has now written in again to share that OrcSDR v0.5.0-beta.1 (release notes) is out, with several new features and a lot of stability work.
The main additions are SSTV reception and a dedicated ACARS dashboard. SSTV images are drawn directly on the touchscreen and saved to the SD card, and the ACARS dashboard shows live messages and aircraft lists. Erik has tested SSTV with Robot36, PD120, and Scottie S1 on various RTL-SDR models. Offline maps have also been added to the LoRa/Meshtastic, ADS-B, and FT8 dashboards. There is also a new 'Dead Air' dashboard for logging RF and audio activity, and Erik notes that despite the Halloween timing, it is not a ghost detector.
Erik also notes that a lot of work has gone into fixing layout issues, redraw flicker and memory pressure, and there is now a guided first-run setup. The software is still in beta, and Erik says that not every issue is gone yet. The update can be installed with M5Burner or the browser installer, and the code is open source under AGPL-3.0 and available on GitHub.
Some screenshots of new OrcSDR Features
AI Disclaimer: The OrcSDR README notes that the project was created with "extensive AI assistance".
Thank you to Przemysław Wcisło (SO5DZ) for writing and sharing rxx_lora, a command-line LoRa receiver for RTL-SDR and SDRplay RSP devices. Przemysław notes that it was designed in the spirit of rtl_fm, so there are no GNU Radio flowgraphs to build or maintain. Instead, it is a single small C binary (rtl_lora or rsp_lora, plus file_lora for saved I/Q captures). Decoded packets are printed as JSONL to stdout, so you can pipe them into other programs.
Przemysław writes:
It's fast. The entire receive chain (detection, sync, demodulation, FEC) runs from dozens to hundreds times real-time, depending on the PHY parameters and hardware, of course.
It's sensitive. I've benchmarked the binary end-to-end over AWGN, and it comes within ~1-2 dB of ideal theoretical LoRa performance. It can easily demodulate Meshtastic's MediumFast preset at -14 dB SNR. I can also vouch for this based on real-world observations. Valid decodes regularly pop up at -12 to -14 dB. I even saw a frame at -17 dB SNR, although it had a bad CRC :)
It's stable. It's never crashed on me, apart from when I accidentally wiggled the dongle out of the USB port ;) It should also be stable from a software quality perspective. I've put together an extensive suite of quality gates and tests, including noise tests, tests against previously recorded over-the-air captures... This should make it quite unlikely that an upcoming change will accidentally introduce a major regression.
It doesn't require much: librtlsdr, FFTW, a C compiler, and make. Most who have dabbled with RTL-SDRs probably won't need to install a single package on top of what they already have. Python and a few libraries are used for the tests and extra tools, but they're not required for normal operation.
The receiver implements the standard LoRa PHY, so it can be used for Meshtastic, LoRaWAN, MeshCore, APRS-over-LoRa and other LoRa signals. An included Python script also decrypts Meshtastic packets with the default or configured channel keys and prints them in a readable form.
The demodulation core is derived from the gr-lora and gr-lora_sdr GNU Radio projects. The code is open source under GPLv3 and available on GitHub. It runs on Linux, and the README says macOS "probably" works too. The SDRplay version also requires the SDRplay API. For Meshtastic reception, it covers similar ground to the GNU Radio-based Meshtastic_SDR project, which we previously posted about, but with a much smaller footprint.
rxx_lora Decoding Meshtastic Packets with an RTL-SDR
AI Disclaimer: Przemysław notes that the sensitivity improvements came from "patient and deliberate use of strong AI tools", and the README states that the project made heavy use of AI for both coding and theoretical exploration.
Over on GitHub, developer Jaron McDonald has released Meshyface, a chat-first web dashboard for monitoring and interacting with Meshtastic mesh networks from your browser. Meshtastic is an open source, off-grid mesh networking project that uses low-cost LoRa radios to send text messages, GPS positions, and telemetry over long distances without any cellular or internet infrastructure. It's become hugely popular with off-grid, emergency communications, and hobbyist communities, and typically operates in the sub-GHz ISM bands such as 868 MHz in Europe and 915 MHz in the US.
Meshyface runs as a single Python service that serves a single-page web interface over HTTP, and connects to a Meshtastic radio over either TCP (Wi-Fi or Ethernet) or USB serial. From the browser, you get group chat and direct messaging, a network workspace with a map, link topology, route traces, node rankings, and telemetry history, plus a live packet console and optional extras like games, a BBS, and file transfer. History is stored in SQLite with search and rollups, and it's designed to run nicely on a Raspberry Pi or in a Proxmox VM/LXC.
We note that Meshtastic itself does not use an RTL-SDR or any other SDR. Instead, it relies on dedicated LoRa transceiver boards built around ESP32 or nRF52 microcontrollers paired with Semtech SX12xx series radio chips, with popular options including the LilyGO T-Beam, Heltec LoRa32, and RAK WisBlock boards.
Thank you to Cameron from BlackAtlas LLC for submitting their project GridDown, which is an open source Android tablet-based situational awareness system designed to operate without an internet connection. At its core, it appears to be a tablet with custom software, and then you can add sensors such as an RTL-SDR for ADS-B+Remote ID, a SARSAT receiver, and a Meshtastic ESP32-S3+SX1262 device. A demonstration of the UI can be found at https://griddown.blackatlas.tech.
Cameron writes:
[GridDown is] an offline-first situational awareness platform built for emergency preparedness, field response, and tactical operations in infrastructure-degraded environments — designed to work when cell towers are down, internet is unavailable, and operators are fully off-grid.
The platform is a Progressive Web App (~120,000 lines of vanilla JavaScript, no frameworks) that runs on Samsung Galaxy tablets, laptops/PCs, and works completely offline after initial setup. It's built by BlackAtlas LLC and is available for trial at https://griddown.blackatlas.tech.
The system has many facets to it, including:
Encrypted voice and text messaging via an ESP32-S3 with SX1262 LoRa transceiver
Passive RF sensing with the ESP32-S3 and SX1262.
Three passive drone detection methods: WiFi fingerprinting, FAA Remote ID reception, and 900 MHz control/telemetry link detection
Automatic gunshot detection via a ES7210 quad-channel I2S microphone on the ESP32-S3.
Automatic RF jamming detection
SARSAT beacon receiver
SSTV Encode/Decode
Meshtastic integration
APRS via Bluetooth TNC
ADS-B reception
RadioCode gamma spectrometer integration
Offline maps
ADS-B detection is handled by a Raspberry Pi 5 running an RTL-SDR Blog V4 dongle. Cameron writes:
The Pi connects to the tablet's built-in WiFi hotspot (no internet required — the hotspot functions as a local network only), and a Node.js bridge reads aircraft data from readsb and subscribes to the Remote ID receiver's MQTT output, then serves a unified WebSocket and REST API to the tablet. GridDown renders aircraft and drone tracks as heading-rotated silhouette icons on its offline map with altitude labels, age-based alpha fade, and emergency squawk alerting (7500/7600/7700). A 10,000 mAh USB-C PD battery provides approximately 5 hours of field runtime for the Pi.
The full setup script, hub bridge, and hotspot connection scripts ship with the project.
The software is dual-licensed, with it being open source GPL v3 (note that the GitHub link appears to be broken - we have asked for clarification) for non-commercial use, or a commercial licence for hardware bundles and business deployments.
Alternatively, BlackAtlas LLC is selling ready-to-use kits, with the core tablet coming in at $799. Other bundles include the Tablet + SARSAT receiver for $1,299, the Tablet + Meshtastic bundle for $1,299, and the Tablet + ADS-B/Remote ID bundle for $1,999.
Last month we posted about Aaron's video on Meshtastic, and how it's possible to decode the Meshtastic protocol using an RTL-SDR and GNU Radio project called Meshtastic_SDR.
If you weren't aware, Meshtastic is software that enables off-grid mesh network based communications and can run on cheap LoRa hardware. The mesh based nature of the system means that communications can be received over long distances, without any infrastructure, as long as there are sufficient Meshtastic nodes in an area that can route the message to the destination node. One example application of Meshtastic is to use it as a mesh-based text messaging system. This might be useful for teams of hikers, pilots, or skiers who operate in remote areas without cell phone coverage.
In his latest video, Aaron shows how Meshtatsic_SDR can also be used to transmit the Meshtastic Protocol using a transmit capable SDR like the HackRF. Aaron writes in the video description:
In this video, we take a deeper dive into the setup and usage of the meshtastic_SDR repository, which now enables the transmission and reception of Meshtastic using Software Defined Radios (SDRs). Recent updates have made this possible by partially leveraging GNU Radio flow graphs for both RX (receive) and TX (transmit), and integrating Python scripts that connect to ZMQ sources for message input and ZMQ outputs for message decoding.
I demonstrate the setup using a HackRF for the transmit side and an Airspy R2 for receiving. We also verify the results of TX and RX using a standard Meshtastic receiver to ensure accurate performance.
Over on his YouTube channel, Aaron, creator of DragonOS and WarDragon has uploaded a video showing how it is possible to decode Meshtastic with an RTL-SDR and GNU Radio project called Meshtastic_SDR.
If you weren't aware of it, Meshtastic is software that enables off-grid mesh network based communications and can run on cheap LoRa hardware. The mesh based nature of the system means that communications can be received over long distances, without any infrastructure, as long as there are sufficient Meshtastic nodes in an area that are able to route the message to the destination node. One example application of Meshtastic is to use it as a mesh-based text messaging system. This might be useful for teams of hikers, pilots, or skiiers who operate in remote areas without cell phone coverage.
In the video, Aaron shows how to install the Meshtastic GNU Radio software on DragonOS (Linux), and how to run the GNU Radio flowgraph and Python decoder script. Later in the video Aaron shows some test text messages being received by the software.
The Meshtastic_SDR project can also be used to transmit Meshtastic messages with an appropriate TX-capable SDR.
WarDragon Real-Time Decoding Meshtastic w/ GNU Radio & SDR (RTLSDR v3)
In the latest video on the Tech Minds YouTube channel Matt tests out the Meshtastic software running on varius Lilygo LoRa devices. Meshtastic is software that can run on cheap LoRa hardware that enables off-grid mesh network based communications.
Being mesh network based means that there are no central repeaters, and instead each device can extend the range of the network by being a repeater itself. Meshtastic can run on various cheap 'Lilygo' branded LoRa devices that come in 433, 868 or 915 MHz license free frequencies depending on your regional band plan.
In his video Matt tests out various models in the Lilygo range, including a ESP32 based wrist watch and he also shows how to install the firmware on each using the online flasher.
Low cost ESP32 based LoRa capable boards have been available from marketplaces like Aliexpress for some time now. They typically include features such as LoRa, WiFi or Bluetooth and GPS all on a PCB board with small screen and battery holder for mobile use. LoRa is a modern IoT communications protocol that is designed to be operated with low power, and in a networked mesh-way for extended range. One application of this hardware is to use it as a mesh based text messaging system, using the Meshtastic firmware. This might be useful for teams of hikers, pilots, or skiiers who operate in remote areas without cell phone reception.
In his latest video Matthew from the Tech Minds YouTube channel shows how to install and use the Meshtastic firmware on a TTGO board. He uses the alpha firmware which has a web app, allowing users to send text messages through a web based GUI that users can connect to locally via WiFi.
OFF-GRID LORA Radio Mesh Text Messaging - Meshtastic
