Category: RTL-SDR

VibeSDR Jr: Apple Watch RTL-SDR, KiwiSDR, UberSDR Client now Available

Back in July, we posted about VibeSDR, an AI vibecoded open-source mobile SDR client for rtl_tcp and UberSDR/KiwiSDR/OpenWebRX servers developed for iOS and Android. In that post, Stuart also mentioned that he was developing an Apple Watch app version of VibeSDR that runs directly on an Apple Watch, allowing you to view and listen to the spectrum on your wrist.

The Apple Watch version, called VibeSDR Jr, is now available as a full standalone Apple Watch App, meaning that no iPhone is required. The app costs £0.99 (~US$1.35). As before, Stuart has provided us with 20 free giveaway codes for the VibeSDR Jr App, so be sure to comment on either this post, the Facebook post, or the X post for a chance to win one of the codes.

Stuart has also noted that he now has a live VibeSDR demo running at demo.vibesdr.net, allowing users to see VibeSDR's DSP and server functionality in action. Stuart writes, "There is an RTL-SDR V4C, SDRPlay RSP1B, and AirSpy HF running on that demo server, all connected to the same AirSpy YouLoop with LNA antenna setup. The RSP1B is locked to 2.8MHz - 10.8MHz and can handle 10 users and the RTL-SDR & AirSpy are unlocked frequencies but 1 user at a time, each user gets a 30 minute time slot to play with. All the built in decoders are available and for the FM-DXers there is a full advanced RDS suite measured against a professional broadcast analyser too."

He also notes the following to avoid confusion with the software in the VibeSDR family:

VibeSDR + Buddy: The Main VibeSDR app and the Apple Watch Remote control companion app for that app.
VIbeSDR Jr: The full standalone Apple Watch SDR client no iPhone required
VibeServer: Built in to Android and standalone apps which allow you to quickly and easily share your SDR’s on a network

Use VibeServer to connect your radio and serve it and then use Jr to listen to it on your wrist, or if you don’t have your own radio Jr is compatible with almost all the same servers as the main VibeSDR app, the only thing it cannot do due to bandwidth/processing requirements is anything that is RAW IQ such as RTL-TCP or SpyServer.

Finally, Stuart notes that the Android version is coming soon and is currently just pending acceptance on the Google Play Store.

VibeSDR Jr - SDR Client for the Apple Watch
VibeSDR Jr - SDR Client for the Apple Watch

KrakenSDR Tested as a GNSS Jammer and Spoofer Localizer

KrakenSDR is our 5-channel coherent software-defined radio designed for applications such as radio direction finding. It was successfully crowdfunded on Crowdsupply back in 2021. We've recently come across a 2025 paper in the Journal of the Institute of Navigation, describing how KrakenSDR was successfully tested as a real-world GNSS jammer and spoofer localizer.

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) services such as GPS are easily jammed by hostile terrestrial signals due to their low transmit power. Jamming is commonly used in modern conflict environments, and is seen heavily in use around Ukraine, Russia, and the Middle East. Similarly, spoofing, which is transmitting a fake GNSS signal to trick receivers into seeing fake locations, is also in use. 

In their paper, Lasse Lehmann et al. from the Technical University of Denmark demonstrate the use of a KrakenSDR for detecting GPS L1 jammers at 1575.42 MHz. The tests were performed at Jammertest 2023, an annual event for open GNSS experiments, and they were able to locate a spoofer down to 18.1 meters via a vehicle-mounted KrakenSDR .

A KrakenSDR Setup at Jammertest 2023
A KrakenSDR Setup at Jammertest 2023

Carshepherd: An Android RTL-SDR App For the Early Awareness of Nearby Emergency-Service Vehicles

Thank you to Cees for writing in and sharing his Android app, "Carshepherd," which is currently in the pre-release stage. Carshepherd works with a connected RTL-SDR and TETRA antenna to give drivers early awareness of nearby emergency-service activity (such as police, ambulance, fire) by detecting the TETRA uplink signal.

Cees notes that this is essentially the same as what hardware devices like 'Target Blu Eye' do to detect emergency services. Laser/radar detectors are illegal in most European countries, and while not advertised as such for legal reasons, Carshepherd could be a legal alternative for detecting laser/radar speed traps, detecting ProViDa video-based pacing vehicles, or just for general awareness.

The app works by continuously sweeping the TETRA bands, looking for the signature of a TETRA carrier. Once it detects a confirmed uplink carrier, it estimates proximity, which then triggers a readout and audible alert. The TETRA uplink is not always active, but emergency service vehicles often send bursts of uplink data every few seconds with GPS position updates, and, of course, during voice PTT.

The algorithm is based on a large labeled dataset from dozens of real-world test drives. The dataset trains an AI classifier that can even tell you whether an emergency unit is keeping pace with you (e.g., traveling down the same stretch of motorway as you) or whether you are approaching a stationary unit.

Carshepherd currently only works in countries whose emergency services use the TETRA communications protocol, which includes most of Europe and various other countries, but notably not the USA. However, Cees notes that they are working on a US version that will listen to the P25 network.

While Carshepherd has not yet been released, the pricing is indicated as €3.99 per month. You can sign up for the waitlist at www.carshepherd.nl.

Carshepherd Android UI
Carshepherd Android UI

Detecting Dark Matter’s Mark with an RTL-SDR Based DIY Radio Telescope

In IEEE Spectrum, a magazine for Electrical Engineers, author David Schneider wrote an article showing how he used an RTL-SDR, LNA, and DIY Horn Antenna to measure the speed of interstellar clouds and indirectly detect the presence of dark matter.

Based on calculations of the distribution of visible stellar mass in our galaxy, a certain galactic rotational velocity-versus-distance-from-the-center curve is expected. However, when scientists actually measure the galactic rotation, another curve is found - a curve which should result in the galaxy flying apart. This mismatch in expected vs measured data has given rise to the theory of "dark matter". The theory essentially states that to produce the measured curve, the galaxy must have more mass, and that this mass must come from non-luminous matter scattered throughout the galaxy, which is difficult or impossible to observe.

In his experiment, David uses a DIY radio telescope to measure the speed of the Milky Way's rotation at various galactic longitudes via Hydrogen line Doppler-shift analysis. After plotting the results, David confirmed that his results match professional astronomers' observations.

If you're interested, we posted about a similar experiment by Job Geheniau back in 2020.

We also want to note that we sell a ready-to-use kit called the Discovery Dish, which, with the Hydrogen Line feed, could be used for this experiment.

Diagram of a DIY Horn Radio Telescope
Diagram of a DIY Horn Radio Telescope

RTL-SDR Blog V4L (Lite) Now Available for Purchase!

We're happy to announce that the RTL-SDR Blog V4L (Lite) model is now available for purchase in our store! Our initial production batches are small, so we will have limited stock at first, and the first batches will be available for shipment only from our warehouse in China. But we expect to ramp up production and get stock on Amazon over the next 2-3 months.

Currently, only our blog store (via the red add to cart button), official eBay listing and Aliexpress listing sell this product. Amazon will be stocked in about 2-3 months. 

The RTL-SDR Blog V4L (Lite)
The RTL-SDR Blog V4L (Lite)

As you may already know, the Blog V4 line of products was recently made end-of-life due to the exhaustion of the stockpile of Rafael R828D tuner chips that the V4 models require. The R828D chip has not been in production for many years, but we were able to access a large stockpile of the chip via our contract manufacturer relatively cheaply, which made the Blog V4 models cost-viable. We predicted that the V4 models would be in production until the end of 2026, as we expected to be able to purchase a few more R828D chips from third-party stockpiles at slightly higher prices. But it turns out that the last few chips available in those third-party stockpiles were all counterfeits (they had put legitimate chips in the first 100 spaces in the reel, then for the rest they had lasered the R828D logo on a totally different chip with the same package size and expected us not to notice!).

We have recently secured a confirmed good stockpile of Rafael R828S chips via our contract manufacturer, which allows us to produce the new Blog V4L (Lite) design. Compared to the R828D, the R828S is a variant with one fewer RF input. This means that instead of a triplexed filtered input, we can only do a diplexed filtered input. Hence the 'lite' designator, as the design is identical to the original V4 models, except for the triplexed input filtering feature. This lack of filtering comes with a minor upside: improved sensitivity due to less filtering losses on the front end.

MDS Measurement Comparisons
MDS Measurement Comparisons

Of course, the downside is that the front end is not as well filtered against strong signals, so the two-tone test produces identical results to the V3 model.

Two-Tone Test Results
Two-Tone Test Results

The V4L still maintains the same built-in HF upconverter architecture of the V4 models and, like the V4, has the improved PCB layout, 1PPM TCXO, 4.5V Bias Tee, bias tee LED, improved power supply, and more.

Another upside is that the R828S chip is cheaper, and so we can sell the Blog V4L at a slightly lower price!

We note that, like the V4 models, the V4L is also a limited edition product. The V4L also relies on a large stockpile of a chip that is no longer in production. We expect the V4L chip stockpile to last about one year. Beyond that, we have a solid idea for V5 model design that is still in the early stages of development, but please don't expect any further news on that until 2027.

As the R828S chip has not been used in an RTL-SDR model before, the official Osmocom drivers do not yet support it. We have submitted a patch request through their channels, but have not heard back yet. - Update: Osmocom has updated their repo and added V4L support.

For now, V4L users can use our rtlsdrblog/rtl-sdr-blog driver fork available on GitHub, with Windows DLL Releases. ExtIO users can access a compatible Windows ExtIO here. We have submitted patches for the Android RTL-TCP app as well. More information about driver compatibility can be found in the V4L user's guide. 

Tech-ni-shn Measures RTL-SDR Blog and Airspy Sensitivity

Thank you to Kevin Murphy (ZL1UJG) (aka Tech-ni-shn) for writing in and submitting some RTL-SDR and Airspy sensitivity measurements that he has recently done over on his YouT ube channel. In his tests, Kevin measures an RTL-SDR Blog V4, RTL-SDR Blog V3 + SpyVerter, Airspy HF+ Discovery, and Airspy Mini using a signal generator, attenuators, and SDR#.

His results show that the RTL-SDRs and Airspy devices have very similar minimum discernible signal (MDS) levels, all measured around ~-133 dBm. Kevin has provided a PDF summary of his results, and the video below.

Video#012 SDR Sensitivity and Noise figure

Overhead Sky: A Mac App That Names Local Aircraft in your Menu Bar

Thank you to Chris Miller for submitting news about the release of his (paid) Mac app called Overhead Sky. This app sits in the MacOS menu bar, and names aircraft as they pass overhead, by making use of the adsb.lol ADS-B data aggregator.

The app costs $24.99 one off, or $3.99 monthly, however Chris writes that people who feed adsb.lol with an RTL-SDR or other SDR get the app discounted at $9.99. Chris writes that detecting people feeding to adsb.lol was a challenge, and shares his methods below:

I started on a commercial flight-data API and found it bills per aircraft returned rather than per call, which means one person leaving the app running over a busy sky costs more in a month than the app costs in a year. So I went to the community feeds and read the licences properly, and most said no. airplanes.live is non-commercial. ADS-B Exchange's affordable tier is a non-commercial community tier, and the site is Jetnet-owned now. adsb.lol is ODbL, which permits commercial use with attribution. So that is what it runs on, credited in the app, on the privacy page, and in the App Store description.

Two things follow from being a paid product living on a volunteer commons, both written down before it went on sale. Ten percent of profit goes back to the ADS-B open-data community, totalled once a year and published so the promise stays checkable. And anyone who feeds pays $9.99 instead of the full sticker.

The verification is the part I think fits your readership best. adsb.lol has no login, so the app calls GET /0/me, which reports the caller's own receiver based on the source IP of the request. If your Mac shares a public IP with your receiver, your beast or mlat client shows up and you are verified with no input at all. That call has to run from the user's machine rather than my server, because through a proxy it would judge my IP and match nobody.

The same reasoning sets the data path. Positions go from the Mac straight to adsb.lol, coarsened to about a one kilometre square first, because adsb.lol rate limits per IP and routing every user through one Cloudflare egress would have earned the block it deserved. Only route lookups pass through my server, carrying a callsign already on the user's screen and no location, unlogged.

So that leaves two honest gaps, since they belong in any piece about this. The app reads the aggregated network rather than a local dump1090 or tar1090 feed, so it is API-backed rather than receiver-backed today. And I do not run a receiver myself yet (though I hope to eventually).

Overhead Sky
Overhead Sky

9GRadio: An Android RTL-SDR App for Spectrum Monitoring and Decoding Analog/HAM/Aviation/Marine Radio Traffic

Thank you to Richard (9G5AR) for writing in and sharing with us the release of his open source Android app called 9GRadio. Richard writes that 9GRadio is an app designed for spectrum monitoring/analysis and the decoding of analog/ham/aviation and marine radio traffic.

In terms of demodulation it supports AM, FM, NFM, WFM, WFM Stereo, USB, LSB, CW, CWR, DSB and RAW IQ modes.

For digital decoding, it supports APRS, digital voice modes such as DMR, D-STAR, YSF, dPMR, NXDN, and aircraft, marine, and datalink modes such as ADS-B, AIS, ACARS, RDS, and multilateration.

Richard also notes that 9GRadio includes a full multilateration stack for locating transmitters, which works with 2+ networked 9GRadio receivers. Interestingly, the multilateration stack is noted to be protocol-agnostic, meaning it should work not only with ADS-B, but also with any mode that provides a digital identity for a transmission, such as AIS, ACARS, RDS, and digital voice modes.

The app is not available on the Google Play Store, but the APK is available for sideloading on the project's GitHub Releases page, along with the open source code.

9GRadio GIF of various screens
9GRadio GIF of various screens