Category: Satellite

Rebooting the ISEE-3 with USRP Software Defined Radios

The ISEE-3 is a exploratory spacecraft that was launched in 1978 and placed in an orbit around the sun. It was mission was to study the interaction between solar wind and the earth's magnetic field and was later the first spacecraft to pass through the tail of a comet. NASA suspended communications with the spacecraft in 1997 and it was last heard of in 2008.

Recently there has been interest in rebooting the spacecraft and bringing it back into an earth orbit. Once safely in orbit the spacecraft's science instruments would be made publicly available for educational purposes. Unfortunately, the RF communications hardware and knowledge that was used to interface with the spacecraft has long been lost.

Luckily, the scientists and engineers at Ettus were able to devise a plan that would use the world's largest single dish radio telescope at Arecibo connected to some of their USRP N210 SDR radios to contact the probe. The USRP N210 is an advanced software defined radio that sells for around $1700 USD. Using their setup together with GNU Radio and the spacecraft's documentation from NASA they were able to make contact with the spacecraft and fire the thrusters. They have yet to actually correct the trajectory which will bring it back to earth, but they hope to be able to do that soon.

The ISEE-3
The ISEE-3
USRP at the Arecibo Dish
USRP at the Arecibo Dish

Listening to Spacewalk Communications from the International Space Station

Over on YouTube user LEGION ELMELENAS has uploaded a video showing his reception of voice communications from a Russian spacewalk on the International Space Station (ISS).

Legion used a Funcube Dongle Pro+ which is a software defined radio USB dongle similar to the RTL-SDR, but with better performance and higher cost. He also used a home made turnstile antenna, the SDRSharp software and the Orbitron satellite tracking software to automatically correct for the signals doppler shift as the ISS flies over.

International Space Station spacewalks(Russian astronauts EVA) received with Funcube Dongle Pro+

Receiving Signals from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter with an RTL-SDR and WiFi Grid Antenna

Gat3way has recently posted on his blog an article showing how he was able to receive a signal from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) using only an RTL-SDR, WiFi grid antenna and a low noise block (LNB). The LRO is a NASA spacecraft which is currently orbiting and being used to create maps of the moon.

The LRO transmits a tracking, telemetry and control (TT&C) signal at 2271.125 MHz which is in the S band (2 to 4 GHz). Since the S band frequencies are commonly used for Indovision satellite TV, gat3way was able to find a cheap LNB which could downconvert the GHz level S band frequencies down into a frequency receivable by the RTL-SDR. For the antenna he used a high 22dBi gain motor controlled WiFi mesh parabolic grid antenna.

After aiming the antenna at the moon, gat3way was able to clearly see the LRO carrier signal in the RTL-SDR waterfall as shown in the image below.

WiFi Parabolic Mesh Antenna for the S Band
WiFi Parabolic Mesh Antenna for the S Band
LRO Signal Received by RTL-SDR, LNB and WiFi antenna.
LRO Signal Received by RTL-SDR, LNB and WiFi antenna.

Listening to Brazilian Fleetsatcom Pirates with an RTL-SDR

Previously we posted about how it was possible to listen in on Mexican (or Brazilian?) military satellite radio pirates’ SSTV communications using an RTL-SDR. Now over on YouTube user legion elmelenas has uploaded a video showing some more Brazilian pirates using these military Fleetsatcom satellites for voice and data communications. To receive these signals he used a turnstile antenna.

SATCOM BRAZILIAN PIRATES RTL-SDR SDRSHARP USA FLEETSATCOM SATELLITE

GNSS-SDRLIB: Real Time GPS Positioning with RTL-SDR

Over on YouTube user taroz1461 has posted a video showing an RTL-SDR getting a real time GPS location fix using his GNSS-SDRLIB software package. Taroz1461 used an RTL-SDR modified with a temperature controlled oscillator (TCXO) to improve the frequency stability of the dongle.

In the video description he writes that GNSS-SDRLIB will soon have RTL-SDR support in the next update.

GNSS-SDRLIB: Real-time positioning with RTL-SDR (DVB-T Dongle)

Receiving Mexican Pirate SSTV on Military Satellite Frequencies with the RTL-SDR

Happysat, a reader of RTL-SDR.com wrote in to let us know his experience with receiving Milsat pirate SSTV images using his R820T RTL-SDR and his homebrew QFH antenna. During his research he found that Brazillian Mexican Pirates hijack military satellite transponders to send SSTV pictures of their families on 255.560 MHz 22.4° West UFO F7 (USA 127).

Happysat writes that he found an active signal on that frequency most of the time. To receive the SSTV signal happysat used the free RX-SSTV software.

SSTV is an acronym for slow scan television and is a mode usually used on HF (0-30 MHz) frequencies by ham radio enthusiasts for sending out digital calling cards.

More information about pirate SSTV can be found here.

Edit: From our Facebook page comments, it seems these signals are actually from Mexican pirates. More info here http://www.qsl.net/py4zbz/ec/ec.htm.

Milsat Pirate SSTV
Milsat Pirate SSTV in SDR#
SSTV Image
Received SSTV Image 1
SSTV Image
Received SSTV Image 2

Receiving Kicksat Telemetry with the RTL-SDR

Recently a bunch of amateur radio nano-satellites known as ‘Kicksats‘ were launched on the latest SpaceX rocket. So far the Kicksat carrier has been successfully deployed, which is essentially the box containing the nano-satellites. On May 4, the nano-satellites known as ‘sprites’ are due to be deployed from the carrier.

Both the carrier and Kicksat sprites have telemetry signals which are receivable with the RTL-SDR. As the sprites transmit using only 10mW of power, a high gain Yagi antenna and an LNA are required to receive their signals.

Over on his blog, Dolske has been trying to receive and record the Kicksat carrier using his RTL-SDR. He was able to capture a telemetry packet at 437.505 MHz using SDR#. He then tried to use QTMM AFSK1200 to decode the packet, but has been unsuccessful so far probably due to the weak signal he received.

Kicksat 'nano' satellite sprite.
Kicksat ‘nano’ satellite sprite.

GPS Tracking with a modified TCXO RTL-SDR

Michele from Michele’s GNSS blog has posted his results with using a modified R820T RTL-SDR with Temperature Controlled Oscillator (TCXO) for GPS reception and decoding. The RTL-SDR is capable of tracking GPS even without TCXO but improved performance can be expected with a more stable oscillator. He notes that the R820T with it’s 3.57 MHz IF is ideally suited for GPS reception when combined with an active GPS antenna. Using this setup he was able to track GPS satellites and the Galileo E1B/C GNSS satellites as well.

Michele modified his R820T RTL-SDR with a 28.8 MHz TCXO he obtained from a friend. It is however possible to purchase modified TCXO R820T dongles directly from the 1090mhz webstore.

Modified TCXO R820T RTL-SDR used for GPS reception.
Modified TCXO R820T RTL-SDR used for GPS reception.