Category: Applications

Transmitting and Receiving Meshtastic with SDR

Last month we posted about Aaron's video on Meshtastic, and how it's possible to decode the Meshtastic protocol using an RTL-SDR and GNU Radio project called Meshtastic_SDR

If you weren't aware, Meshtastic is software that enables off-grid mesh network based communications and can run on cheap LoRa hardware. The mesh based nature of the system means that communications can be received over long distances, without any infrastructure, as long as there are sufficient Meshtastic nodes in an area that can route the message to the destination node. One example application of Meshtastic is to use it as a mesh-based text messaging system. This might be useful for teams of hikers, pilots, or skiers who operate in remote areas without cell phone coverage.

In his latest video, Aaron shows how Meshtatsic_SDR can also be used to transmit the Meshtastic Protocol using a transmit capable SDR like the HackRF. Aaron writes in the video description:

In this video, we take a deeper dive into the setup and usage of the meshtastic_SDR repository, which now enables the transmission and reception of Meshtastic using Software Defined Radios (SDRs). Recent updates have made this possible by partially leveraging GNU Radio flow graphs for both RX (receive) and TX (transmit), and integrating Python scripts that connect to ZMQ sources for message input and ZMQ outputs for message decoding.

I demonstrate the setup using a HackRF for the transmit side and an Airspy R2 for receiving. We also verify the results of TX and RX using a standard Meshtastic receiver to ensure accurate performance.

DragonOS FocalX Transmit and Receive Meshtastic w/ SDR (hackRF, Airspy R2, R36)

SignalsEverywhere: Monitoring Itron ERT Smart Meters on Android

Over on her YouTube channel SignalsEverywhere, Sarah has uploaded her latest video showing how it is possible to monitor Itron ERT smart meters on an Android device.  Smart meters are used to wirelessly monitor the usage of residential utilities such as water, gas, and electricity. With an RTL-SDR and some decoding software, it is possible to monitor the data coming from your own and your neighbours meters (at least for certain brands of meter).

In her video, Sarah shows how she compiled the rtl_amr decoder software for Android, and created her own Android app called "AndAMR" for displaying the data decoded by rtl_amr. The rest of the video shows how to set up and use the app.

Monitoring Itron ERT Smart Meters on Android?!

Tech Minds: Testing an Inmarsat L-Band Helix for Offset Satellite Dishes

In his latest video, Matt from the TechMinds YouTube channel tests out an LHCP L-band helix feed designed for receiving Inmarsat satellites. Matt pairs the feed with an 85cm satellite dish, an L-band LNA, and an Airspy Mini.

The L-band helix feed comes from a small German engineering company called nolle.engineering. The feed is priced at 94.70 Euros (incl. VAT) (~$102 USD), plus shipping costs. It is a passive antenna so it needs to be combined with an LNA to be usable with a typical SDR.

In the video Matt shows that the reception with the LHCP helix + dish setup is better than expected. He also compares it to a previous test he did with a longer RHCP helix antenna also produced by nolle.engineering. The RHCP antenna is used to be used without a dish, however, as expected the SNR is less than the dish + small LHCP feed setup. Matt then shows some Inmarsat signals being decoded including STD-C and Aero voice.

This L Band Helix Antenna Gives Amazing Performance

SDR# Big Guide Book: 2024 Edition Released

Paolo Romani (IZ1MLL) has recently released the 2024 version of his SDR# Big Book. The book is available for download on the Airspy downloads page, just scroll down to the title "SDR# Big Book" and choose your language. (At the time of this post only English and Italian are available in the 2024 edition, but multiple languages are available for the older guides).

Paolo writes that the book has been updated for the latest SDR# v1920 version, and now the editions will be labelled by date, instead of version number. He also writes that page 25 of the big book now includes information about the differences between RTL-SDR Blog V3 and V4 dongles. 

The Big Book of SDR# Studio 2024 Edition

Tech Minds: Testing the NooElec FlyCatcher RTL-SDR ADS-B+UAT Raspberry Pi Hat

Over on YouTube Matt from the Tech Minds YouTube channel has tested out NooElec's new 'FlyCatcher', which is an RTl-SDR ADS-B hat for the Raspberry Pi. The FlyCatcher has two RTL-SDRs built into it, each with it's own LNA and SAW filter. One SAW filter is tuned for 978 MHz UAT, and the other for 1090 MHz ADS-B.

The device also has buttons that allow you to bypass the LNA stage, and just use filtering, in case you have an external LNA. They appear to be using the Qorvo TQL9063 LNA chip, which has a built-in bypass.

In the video Matt tests out the FlyCatcher, but only on 1090 MHz as 978 MHz UAT is not used in his country. He shows how to set up the software on the Raspberry Pi and then shows some results.

Easily Create Your Own Aircraft Virtual Radar Using The NooElec FlyCatcher Pi Hat

Tech Minds: Using the RK888 MK2 to Receive the Entire HF Band

In one of his latest videos Matt from the Tech Minds YouTube channel tests out the RX888 MK2 software defined radio at HF frequencies. Matt notes that while the bandwidth of this SDR is limited to 10 MHz at VHF/UHF, you can actually use it in direct sampling mode to achieve a massive bandwidth of 64 MHz, allowing you to receive the entire HF band at simultaneously.  

In his video, Matt uses SDR-Console V3 and he shows the entire HF band being received at once. He also shows the SDR-Console V3 matrix bands organizer, which allows you to create multiple windows of zoomed-in spectrum. That combined with the multi-receiver feature could allow you to have multiple audio outputs for digital decoding across the HF band.

Amazing! ALL HF Bands at the SAME time with the RX888 Mk2

Decoding Meshtastic in Realtime with an RTL-SDR and GNU Radio

Over on his YouTube channel, Aaron, creator of DragonOS and WarDragon has uploaded a video showing how it is possible to decode Meshtastic with an RTL-SDR and GNU Radio project called Meshtastic_SDR

If you weren't aware of it, Meshtastic is software that enables off-grid mesh network based communications and can run on cheap LoRa hardware. The mesh based nature of the system means that communications can be received over long distances, without any infrastructure, as long as there are sufficient Meshtastic nodes in an area that are able to route the message to the destination node. One example application of Meshtastic is to use it as a mesh-based text messaging system. This might be useful for teams of hikers, pilots, or skiiers who operate in remote areas without cell phone coverage.

In the video, Aaron shows how to install the Meshtastic GNU Radio software on DragonOS (Linux), and how to run the GNU Radio flowgraph and Python decoder script. Later in the video Aaron shows some test text messages being received by the software.

The Meshtastic_SDR project can also be used to transmit Meshtastic messages with an appropriate TX-capable SDR.

WarDragon Real-Time Decoding Meshtastic w/ GNU Radio & SDR (RTLSDR v3)

An Atmega328 + SI5351 Based WSPR Beacon

Thank you to Ihar Yatsevich for writing in and sharing with us his open-source WSPR beacon project. The WSPR beacon consists of a custom PCB with ATMega328 microcontroller, GPS module, single transistor amplifier, and Si5351 with TCXO.

The result is a very simple, portable WSPR beacon that can be heard all over the world. However, it appears that no band filters are built into this, so you will need to add a bandpass filter for the WSPR band that you are using.

WSPR (Weak Signal Propagation Reporter) (pronounced "whisper") is an amateur radio digital HF mode designed to be decodable even if the signal is received with very low power. Because of this design, even low-power transmitters can be received from all over the world. It can also be used to help determine HF radio propagation conditions as WSPR reception reports are typically automatically uploaded to wsprnet.

If you are interested, Ihar has written about his project in more detail over on Reddit

Ihar's Microcontroller Based WSPR Beacon
Ihar's Microcontroller Based WSPR Beacon